Reformas previdenciárias e seus impactos na vida do trabalhador brasileiro

Abstract

This paper analyzes the social security reforms in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution facing the productive restructuring of capital. Within the historical social context, it seeks to unveil fundamental elements that drove these reforms since their guarantee in the constitutional text. Thus, the theme confronts the reforms/changes in social security legislation with their respective social-economic-political scenario considering a dialectic between the law and the context inserted, discussing whether the social security reforms occurred to protect the worker or carried out to meet the needs of the productive restructuring of capital. It implies in understanding the legislation based on the conflict of interests between capital and labor. It is noteworthy that the social security CE was analyzed with regard to the General Social Security System. The methodological path taken for the construction of the study and that accompanies the entire process is the bibliographic and documental survey. The research sought to approach the critical currents of social thought that take historical reality not as ready-made data, but as something constructed, susceptible to transformations. Among the main outcomes of this study is the view that the social security reforms, carried out through the 20/1998, 47/2005, and 103/2019 Constitutional Amendments, interrupted a movement of slow but gradual expansion of workers' social security rights, which began in the 1930s in Brazil. With the productive restructuring of capital and the implementation of neoliberal policies from 1990 onwards, the course of this evolution changes, suffering social setbacks.