Características agronômicas e valor nutricional de genótipos de sorgo

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate 24 genotypes of sorghum in four Brazilian regions (Sete Lagoas-MG, Nova Porteirinha-MG, Passo Fundo-RS e Goiânia-GO) to determine their agronomic characteristics and nutritional value. lt was determined the production of green matter and dry matter (PGM and PDM), the number of days to flowering and the plant height of the genotypes grown in the four cities. The materials were planted in Sete Lagoas assessed for dry matter (DM), ashes, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose (CEL), hemicellulose (HCEL ) and lignin, and about the in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM). For the agronomic variables, the genotypes of 12F38019, 12F38006, 12F40006, 12F40005, 12F40019, 12F37016, 12F37005, 12F37043, 12F39006, 12F39005, 12F39019, 12F38005, 12F38007, 12F37007, 12F39007, 12F40007, 12F38014, 12F37014, 12F39014, 12F40014, 12F38009, BRS610, BRS655 e VOLUMAX differ from each other in all municipalities. The BRS655 showed better average of PGM in the four cities, but 1ts production varied between municipalities, as well as to the other genotypes, except for 12F40005, 12F39005, 12F38007, 12F37007, 12F39007, 12F38014, 12F39014, 12F38009 and 12F40014 that kept their productions in different locations. The 12F37005 was superior to the PDM in all municipalities, but its production varied between locations, as well as to the other genotypes, except for 12F38006, 12F40005, 12F38007, 12F37007, 12F39007, 12F39014, 12F40014, 12F38009 and IF305 that kept their productions. There was no effect of growing site on the number of days to flowering for all genotypes studied. The genotypes of 12F38019, 12F40019, 12F37005, 12F37043 and VOLUMAX were the most delayed in three of the four cities. The genotypes of 12F38006, 12F40006 e 12F37016 were higher in relation of the plant height, which varied between municipalities. Only the VOLUMAX maintained its growth. Analyzing the nutritional value, the genotypes did not differ in how the levels of ADF and ash, but there were differences between them for the other traits. The DM, CP and NDF levels ranged from 37,15 a 50,13, 5,51 a 10,28 e 43,57 a 65,69%, respectively. The lowest values of lignin were obtained in the genotypes of 12F40014 e 12F39014 (2,14 e 3,32, respectively). The genotypes of 12F38019, 12F37016, 12F39005, 12F39019, 12F37007, 12F37014, 12F39014 e BRS655 showed the best values of IVDMD. The 12F37005 genotype showed the best agronomic performance and 12F39014 genotype stood out among the rest in relation to nutritional value.