Decomposição e liberação de nutrientes da serapilheira em diferentes usos do solo no semiárido.

Abstract

The dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) in agricultural systems is altered by abiotic factors, quality of literature, fauna and time. Soil preparation practices have an influence on changes, mainly their direct effects of SOM, responsible for mitigating the changes. The preparatory management of semi-arid soils has attracted attention, due to its intrinsic factors, which together with the preparation of basic equipment, tends to activate the soil increasingly prone to injuries related to physical and biological quality. Thus, the objective is to evaluate the decomposition and release of nutrients in three land uses in the semiarid region, through the analysis of the constants of decomposition and release of nutrients and the time of decomposition and release of nutrients; soil organic-C contents in the litter and in the plant community to estimate how the dynamics of this nutrient occur in each land use; in addition to the seasonality in litter production in each land use system. The results indicate that the production of sera in the related forest is related to climatic and native factors related to the plants of the semi-arid region, which deposit the material soon after the rainy season. The cocoa crop produced greater biomass after 330 days of experiment implementation, but the material crop is subject to pruning management. The use of soil with cocoa in the semiarid region increases the total organic-C of the SOM, surpassing the values of use with the conventional system (corn) and similar values of native forest. The land use system with cocoa as higher amounts of nutrients and cocoa biomass. Potassium is the fastest-releasing nutrient, with the highest rates being with cocoa, whose collection accelerates the observed decomposition and release of nutrients. In general, the use system with native forest proved to be more balanced, with higher levels of organic-C in the soil and slower litter decomposition/release.