Condições de saúde associadas ao excesso de peso em mulheres climatéricas

Abstract

The climacteric is a period of the woman's life characterized by hormonal changes, irregularity and cessation of menstrual cycles and for being associated with metabolic changes, including overweight and obesity. Objectives: The study aims to investigate the association between health conditions and overweight in climacteric women assisted in the Primary Health Care (PHC). Methods: A cross-sectional study with 960 women between the ages of 40 and 65 years, selected by probabilistic sampling between August 2014 and August 2015. It was used structured and pre-tested questionnaires to evaluate socio demographic characteristics, life habits, clinical and obstetric factors. Anthropometric measurements such as Body Mass Index (BMI) and Abdominal Circumference (AC) were obtained using equipment and standard techniques. Were performed descriptive analyzes of all the variables investigated through their frequency distribution. Then, bivariate analyzes were performed through Poisson regression and for multiple analyzes hierarchical Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with overweight/obesity in the climacteric. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 74,1%. Attending public school (PR: 1,30 – CI 95% 1,14 – 1,50), low schooling (PR: 1,11 – CI 95% 1,01 – 1,23), gout (PR: 1,18 – CI 95% 1,05 – 1,32), metabolic syndrome (MS) (PR: 1,29 – CI 95% 1,16 – 1,44), renal disease (PR: 1,18 – CI 95% 1,08 – 1,29), high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) (PR: 1,19 – CI 95% 1,05 – 1,34), fat ingestion (PR: 1,12 – CI 95% 1,02 – 1,23), having first child birth after 18 years old (PR: 0,89 – CI 95% 0,82 – 0,97) were associated with overweight and obesity. Conclusion: This study is the first to report that, in climacteric women assisted by primary care in the municipality of Montes Claros, the presence of overweight and obesity was associated with having attended private schools, having low schooling, having gout, MS, kidney disease, being at high cardiovascular risk and eating fats in the diet. In turn, having first child birth after 18 years old, presented as a protective factor for women to not acquire overweight and obesity. The knowledge of health conditions associated with overweight and obesity may be a predictive marker of future goods.