Viagem e criação em poemas italianos, de Cecília Meireles : tessituras a partir da pedra e da água

Abstract

This study seeks to interpret the writing of the poetic text focusing on the journey and the metaphors of stone and water in Poemas italianos, by Cecília Meireles. The intercultural aspect of Poemas italianos, its travel context, its universality of themes and expressive resources as well as the scarcity of literary criticism devoted to the volume justify this investigation. For this purpose, we used a hermeneutic approach (CANDIDO, 2006), which allows us to propose a reading movement for elements intrinsic to the poems and for the integrity of the book, without leaving aside the historical and cultural aspects. We observed themes, rhythms, metaphors, symbols, figures of speech, images, intertextualities and marks of a reading of the world expressed by Cecília Meireles, the traveler-poet. To discuss travel and writing, we will turn to the writings of Borges (2010), Onfray (2009), Goethe (2017), Santiago (1984), Floresta (2018) and travel chronicles by Meireles (1999). Our approach is based on theoretical and critical assumptions that include the landscape and the city as human constructions, such as those observed in Tuan (1983), Santos (1986), Cauquelin (2007), Collot (2013), Gomes (1994) and Brandão (2006). As for the analysis of the treatment given to language by Cecília Meireles and the reflection around the lyrical genre, this work was based on Paz (2015), Borges (2000), Pound (2011), Goldstein (1985), Bandeira (1960), Bosi (1996), Cândido (2006), Walty (1994) and Moisés (1996). The interpretation of the literary corpus makes use of an understanding of the poem as a verbal expression endowed with a unit formed by rhythm, image and meaning, the poem being, moreover, a symbolic inscription of the human history. Regarding the concepts of history, myth, memory and inscription, we discuss based on Le Goff (2013), Nora (1993), Benjamin (1994), Bakhtin (1997), Goethe (2017), Gagnebin (2006) and Eliade (1992; 2016). In Poemas italianos, the symbols of travel, stone and water are important lines of meaning and inspiration, which weave the aesthetic discourse of the book on the Italian territory. From them, Cecília Meireles reveals her profile as a reader of literature and the modern city. The poems, with an expressive sound, deal with memory, death, artistic creation, perception, imagination, the transience of existence, landscape, metalanguage, time, the social function of the artist, the artistic object and monuments, historical heritage, myths and work, through the meanings of travel, stone and water. In this poetics, the space speaks to the lyrical subject, to Cecília Meireles, writer and traveller, a body in physical displacement and in constant creative and reflective movement. The poems dialogue with the territory and reinvent it.