Violência contra mulheres adultas com deficiência: transtorno no Brasil

Abstract

The concept of a person with a disability was based on the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. People with disabilities have long-term impairments, whether physical, mental, intellectual or sensory, which, when interacting with other barriers, can hinder full and effective participation in society, on equal terms with other people. The disability/disorder makes women more susceptible to acts of violence, due to the vulnerabilities of social structures. In this sense, this dissertation aimed to analyze aspects of violence against adult women with disabilities/disorders in Brazil. This is a cross-sectional, analytical study, with data on notifications of interpersonal and self-inflicted violence from the Disease Information and Notification System, in 2019, in Brazil. The profile of female victims aged 20 to 59 years old, with and without disabilities/disorders, was described. The association between the place of occurrence of violence and 'having a disability/disorder' was verified using the chi square test and Poisson regression was conducted, with robust variance, to estimate the gross and adjusted Prevalence Ratio (PR)., with a 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI), the dependent variable 'having a disability/disorder' and variables related to the aggressor's profile and types of violence. The significance level was considered 5%. 172,665 cases were registered, 16.8% of which were women with disabilities/disorders. Of these, 53.2% had a mental disorder. The profile of women with and without disabilities/disorders was similar for: white, aged 20 to 40 and having completed high school. The occurrence of violence at home was more frequent among women with disabilities/disorders (p ≤ 0,05). The profile of the aggressor of women with disabilities/disorders in relation to those without disabilities/disorders showed a higher prevalence for: females (RP = 1.041); no suspicion of alcohol use (RP = 1.009); and adults aged 20 to 24 (RP = 1.061). Women with disabilities/disorders had a higher prevalence of attacks due to torture when compared to women without disabilities/disorders (RP = 1.013); sexual violence (RP = 1.034); financial (RP = 1.018) and self-inflicted violence (RP = 1.181); and lower prevalence of physical (RP = 0.969) and psychological (RP = 0.987) violence. This research showed a significant percentage of adult women with disabilities/disorders who were victims of violence. The disability/disorder adds vulnerability to women, with particularities regarding the profile of the aggressor and a greater number of types of violence perpetrated against them. In addition to the scientific products produced with this study, technical products were also created on the topic of violence: lectures given, short course and pitch developed.