Adicção em redes sociais em estudantes dos cursos técnicos integrados ao ensino médio no Norte de Minas Gerais

Abstract

New online forms of social interaction have revolutionized communication and have become an important part of many people's routines. However, the excessive use of these technologies has caused some harm, such as internet addiction and social media addiction, especially among young students, who are especially vulnerable to the problematic use of these tools. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify factors associated with addiction to social networks among students of technical courses integrated into high school. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, of the websurvey type, carried out with 1,321 students from technical courses integrated into high school on 11 campuses of the Federal Institute of the North of Minas Gerais. For data collection, a self-administered questionnaire containing the instruments “Social Network Addiction Scale” (EARS) was used to identify the dependent variable social network addiction; “Fantastic Lifestyle” (EVF), to evaluate some independent variables such as alcohol abuse, physical activity, affective interaction and dialogue interaction; MBI-SS (Maslach Burnout Inventory/Student Survey) which assesses Burnout Syndrome; and the questionnaire prepared by the researchers evaluating gender, age group, place of residence, paid activity, year of study and the area of knowledge of the course. Descriptive analyzes using frequency distributions were carried out using SPSS version 23.0 software. To evaluate the association between addiction on social networks and the independent variables, the chi-square test was used. Afterwards, the associations were subjected to multiple analysis using Poisson regression and adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PR) were established, with a Confidence Interval (CI) of 95%. The deviance test was used to analyze the quality of fit of the final multiple model. Of the 1,321 participating students, 53.1% presented addiction in social networks. The main findings demonstrated that the social networks accessed by the majority of students were WhatsApp (98.5%), Instagram (85.6%), X (Twitter) (55.5%) and Facebook (16.5%), which which was significantly associated with the social networks Instagram (p=0.002) and X (Twitter) (P=0,008), female gender (RP 1.13 and CI 1.07-1.20), abusive alcohol consumption occasionally/frequently (RP 1.30 and CI 1.14-1.48), emotional interaction rarely/almost never/never ( PR 1.12 and CI 1.06-1.18) and presence of Burnout Syndrome (RP 1.21 and CI 1.11-1.31). From this perspective, it was found that more than half of the students presented problematic behavior regarding the use of social networks, which was associated with demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and Burnout Syndrome characteristics.