Autopercepção negativa da saúde entre os agentes comunitários de saúde de um município norte mineiro-Brasil

Abstract

Self-perceived health is strongly associated with the real state, resulting from a subjective and multidimensional construction, being influenced by several factors. In this sense, this dissertation is an epidemiological, census, cross-sectional, analytical, quantitative study arising from an excerpt from the research entitled “Working conditions and health of Community Health Agents (ACS) in the north of Minas Gerais: study longitudinal”, carried out with the ACS in the 135 units of the Family Health Strategy in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, between August and October 2018. From this data, four main products were produced, being an article, a health education event, a pitch and a technical report. The article aimed to estimate the prevalence of negative self-perception of health and associated factors among community health agents working in Primary Health Care in Montes Claros - Minas Gerais. The article aimed to estimate the prevalence of negative self-perception of health and associated factors among community health agents working in Primary Health Care in Montes Claros - Minas Gerais. Collection took place at the Regional Occupational Health Center, by researchers and scientific initiation students, previously trained, using questionnaires and tests. The outcome variable Self-Perception of Health was obtained through the question: “In comparison with people your age, how do you consider your health status?”, in addition to the independent variables: sociodemographic and economic characteristics, occupational and work responsibilities, style life and disease history. For data analysis, the Statistical Package for the Social Science software, version 22.0, was used, descriptive statistics were applied, using absolute, relative frequency, mean and standard deviation. In the bivariate analysis, Pearson's Chi-Square test was used, and all variables with a significance level (p-value ≤ 0.20) were allocated for multiple analysis. To this end, the hierarchical Poisson regression model was used. To analyze the quality of fit of the model, the Deviance test and the Omnibus Test were adopted, at a level of 0.05. 675 community health agents participated in the present study; of these, 40.9% presented negative self-rated health. There was a predominance of females (83.7%), and the average age was 36.7 years. The variables associated with negative self-perception of health were: dissatisfaction with work (RP=1.33); inability to work (RP=2.01); lifestyle neither good/nor bad (RP=1.78) and bad/very bad (RP=2.04); overweight/obesity (PR=1.40); diabetes (PR=1.40); and pain in the lower back, ankles/feet (RP=1.24). The event entitled “2nd Week of the Community Health ) Agent: caring for those who care” carried out through online lectures, was attended by around 923 people registered on the Even3 platform. In addition to creating a pitch with the aim of sensitizing them to self- care, prevention and health promotion, and a Technical Report on the health and work conditions of the population investigated. This study showed a high prevalence of negative self-perception of health among the CHWs surveyed. Job satisfaction, work ability, lifestyle and history of illnesses remained factors associated with this prevalence. Understanding the causes of negative self-rated health among CHWs demonstrates recognition of the importance of the role of this professional in Primary Health Care.