Avaliação da situação de saúde na implantação da vigilância alimentar e nutricional na atenção primária à saúde em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais

Abstract

This study analyzed the status of Food and Nutrition Surveillance (VAN) within the context of Primary Health Care (APS) in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, from 2017 to 2023. VAN played a crucial role in promoting health and preventing diseases by monitoring the nutritional status of the population. However, the effectiveness of this system still faced operational and coverage challenges. The objective of the study was to evaluate the implementation and impacts of Food and Nutrition Surveillance in Primary Health Care in Montes Claros, focusing on its contribution to improving health conditions and reducing socioeconomic and nutritional inequalities in the municipality. To achieve this, a descriptive and analytical study was conducted, using secondary data extracted from health information systems and demographic and socioeconomic databases. The coverage indicators of VAN, socioeconomic and demographic conditions, and the evolution of health conditions were quantitatively analyzed. Interviews were also conducted with health professionals and managers to understand their perceptions of the operationalization of VAN in APS. The results indicated that VAN was an important tool in identifying vulnerable groups and directing public health policies. However, inequalities in VAN coverage were observed, with poorer areas having less access to nutritional surveillance services. Factors such as insufficient resources and professional training were identified as barriers to more effective implementation. It was concluded that VAN in APS in Montes Claros made significant progress, but there are still challenges to be overcome, especially regarding equity in access to services. Continuous improvement of infrastructure and training of health professionals, combined with the integration of public policies, is essential to strengthen VAN and expand its positive impacts on the population's health.