Dermatoses orais e cutâneas: avaliação de pacientes e lesões

Abstract

Skin diseases are the diseases that affect the skin without, however, be limited to the skin condition also may involve mucous membranes, including the oral. Considering the association of skin lesions with oral lesions is of paramount importance that such skin diseases are well known in the dental and dermatological practice. Dermatoses most often manifest themselves in the mouth and skin are lichen planus (LP), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), erythema multiforme (EM), pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and scarring pemphigoid (SP). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate oral and skin lesions, describe the demographic and behavioral profile and identify treatments and patient impressions with dermatoses previously mentioned, check if they had their oral cavity evaluated by a dermatologist and skin investigated by dentist, identify the relationship between demographic and behavioral variables with oral lichen planus (OLP), identify skin lesions of patients with OLP and assess the impact of OLP in quality of life. Methodology: This was an analytical, cross, documentary and observational study. The patients treated were considered in the past 10 years (2005-2015), the dental clinic of dentistry students at the State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), with histological diagnosis of LP, SLE, CLE, EM, PV and SP. From the survey data were identified 59 patients with LP, PV, SLE and SP, the other surveyed dermatoses not being found. The sample consisted of 59 individuals whose records were reviewed and 43 individuals who attended for evaluation. The information was compiled into a database, using the Statistical Package for Science (SPSS) version 19.0. Results: From the data obtained, were built three articles, "Evaluation of patients with cutaneous and oral dermatosis in a dental service"; "Oral lichen planus: demographic variables, behavioral and associated dermatoses"; and "Impact of oral lichen planus in the physical and psychosocial dimensions of patients." Conclusions: This study found that, considering the dermatoses of cutaneous and oral involvement, the OLP is the most prevalent diagnosis, especially the reticular subtype. LP genital lesions are usually asymptomatic. Patients are most often, adult and brown women and most have or have had alcohol consumption. These patients come to the dental service referred by a dentist. For most the proposed treatment is not medicated and the rest are mainly treated with topical corticosteroids. The impression as to treatment is usually positive in cases of OLP and PV and negative in the case of SP and SLE. The completion of the oral examination in dermatological consultations and addressing skin issues in dental consultations have not taken place. Regarding the LP can be concluded queser woman, or consume alcohol or have smoked increases the chance of occurrence of oral lesions. In cases of oral involvement by LP can also be skin involvement by other dermatoses. We conclude also that of oral lichen planus lesions have an impact on physical and psychosocial dimensions of patients.