A Logística de exportação das indústrias automotivas em Minas Gerais

Abstract

Logistics has contributed to socioeconomic development in the Brazilian scenario in the last years of the 20st century. It is a tool that is used from obtaining the raw material until the goods arrive at the final consumer, aiming at agility in the process and increasing the competitiveness of companies in the market. In this sense, this dissertation aims to analyze the socio-spatial dynamics of the productive structure of the automotive industry's markets and exports in the state of Minas Gerais from 2000 to 2017. Methodologically, the work is classified as bibliographic and descriptive, since the ideas proposals are based on a theoretical discussion of the concepts covered. In the descriptive perspective, it relied on secondary data from agencies such as the Association of Manufacturers of Vehicles and Auto Parts - ANFAVEA and the COMEX STAT system, which allowed a better analysis of the logistical structure of the auto export industries in the state of Minas Gerais. The variables chosen at national level and in the state of Minas Gerais were total vehicle production, annual export volume, in kilograms and value, the regions and ports with the highest export flow, the volume and quantity of vehicles and parts exported, the countries of origin of the goods, main ports and modes used for shipment. It was noticed that the automakers installed in the mining territory are important for the economy of Brazil and for the international market, selling their goods to several countries, with Argentina being its main trading partner. To this end, it has largely used waterways for the transportation of vehicles and the road for auto parts, with the most used customs areas according to the analysis of data from Comex Stat, the ports of Rio de Janeiro and Santos.