Avaliação dos dados epidemiológicos da Covid-19 no município de Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, Brasil

Abstract

COVID-19 is a disease caused by the new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which primarily affects the airways. Its rapid spread worried representatives of agencies and entities around the world since, in less than a year since the pandemic had been established, more than 44 million people had been infected worldwide. In Brazil, the Northeast came to be the third region with the highest number of confirmed cases. When considering the numerous negative impacts arising from the pandemic and the high incidence of the disease in northeastern cities, this dissertation aimed to evaluate the data on Covid-19 in the municipality of Vitória da Conquista. The city is considered an education and health hub in the southwest region of Bahia, being the third largest city in the state, with about 348,718 inhabitants. With regard to methodology, it was an epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and quantitative research, using the database of patients with flu-like syndrome developed by the Information Technology Center of the city government as a basis. The system was designed to screen, classify and monitor cases of Flu Syndrome (SG), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SRAG) and confirmed cases for COVID-19. As for the statistical analysis, the data were categorized in order to carry out descriptive and bivariate analyses, respecting the principles of biostatistics. All variables mentioned were worked on categorically and treated using a quantitative approach. It is noteworthy that all analyzes were performed using the SPSS statistical program, version 23.0, software (SPSS, Chicago, IL) and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. It should be noted that the research is a part of the project entitled "Assessment of the effect of social distancing during the pandemic by Covid-19 under behavioral, psychological and physical aspects" which was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of Esaú Mattos Hospital (no. opinion 4,737,274). Among the results, a higher percentage of confirmed cases was observed in individuals aged 21 to 40 years, corresponding to 42.75% of the total infected. Regarding gender, there was a higher incidence of confirmed cases in women (56.53%), but a higher percentage of deaths in men among the total number of confirmed cases in general (0.98%). Individuals aged 60 years or more had the highest mortality rate (8.84%), while in the other age groups the rates were below 1.00%. In addition, it was noticed that there was statistical significance with regard to greater chances of death in patients with Cardiovascular Disease, including Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), aged 60 years or more (p 0.0203). Thus, it could be concluded that theelderly, men and patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are part of what are considered risk groups for COVID-19.