Prevalência de sobrepeso/obesidade e fatores associados em professores da Educação Básica

Abstract

Overweight / obesity is one of the main public health problems of the world population, affecting all age groups of both sexes. It is a chronic, multifactorial syndrome with influences on biological, psychological and social aspects resulting from the chronic imbalance between the ingested and spent energies and can lead to factors that pose a health risk. This dissertation aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight / obesity and its sociodemographic, occupational, psychosocial, lifestyle and health profile determinants in a population of teachers. It is an epidemiological, cross-sectional and analytical study carried out with 707 teachers of Basic Education (Elementary and Middle School), distributed in 49 schools of the State Public School Network of the urban area of Montes Claros - MG. For the collection of data, an anthropometric evaluation was performed, and a questionnaire was applied by a trained multiprofessional team. The variables investigated were: sociodemographic (gender, age, marital status, skin color, schooling and number of children); occupational aspects (teaching time, teaching networks in which he / she works, paid activity in addition to teaching, weekly workload and employment); job satisfaction; psychosocial aspects (presence of depressive and stress symptoms); lifestyle (consumption of fruits, processed foods, sweets, vegetables, fat, alcohol intake and activity practice); health profile (health follow-up, self-perception of health and self-perception of body image). In the data analysis, the Poisson regression model was used to estimate the Prevalence Ratio (PR), at the 0.05 level. The results showed that 52.7% (CI95%: 48.4% to 57.0%) of the participants were overweight / obese. The prevalence in men were 58.7% (CI95%: 49.4%). 67.5%) and 51.7% (CI95%: 47.1% to 56.4%) in women. The following variables were associated with overweight / obesity: male sex (PR=1.25) , age> 40 years (PR=1.33), three or more children (PR=1.47), weekly workload greater than 24 hours (PR=1.16), contracted / designated employment relationship (RP=1.25), presence of symptoms of depression (PR=1.32), fat intake through meat intake (PR=1.18), abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages (PR=1.25) and negative self-perception of health (PR=1.24). Overweight / obesity was associated with the following factors: sex, age, number of children, weekly workload, type of employment relationship, depressive episodes, fat intake, abusive consumption of alcoholic beverages and selfperception of health. It is hoped that the data of the present study will contribute to future researches on the subject capable of producing knowledge for the improvement of the health conditions of the teachers.