Transição demográfica e epidemiológica, perfil de mortalidade no município de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais e Brasil

Abstract

This study aims to verify the population dynamics in the years 1991, 2000 and 2010 and the mortality profile in the population of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais and Brazil in the years 2006 and 2014. This is an ecological study of temporal trend. Data from the websites of the Department of Informatics of SUS (DATASUS), the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) were used in April and May 2017. Data analyzed were the percentage of resident population, proportional distribution of age in the large population groups, dependency ratios for the population and the aging index. To perform the analyzes, the ages were classified based on the division of the population into large age groups: 0 to 14 years, 15 to 59 years and 60 years or more. For the evaluation of mortality trends, the following ICD-10 chapters were considered: I (infectious and parasitic diseases DIP), II (neoplasms); IX (diseases of the circulatory system) and XX (external causes of morbidity and mortality). In Montes Claros, the elderly group increased from 5.0% in 1991, 6.6% in 2000 and 9.1% in 2010, a similar reality was also found in Minas Gerais and Brazil. For reasons of total dependence in Montes Claros, 42% was recorded in 2010, 52% in Minas and 53% in Brazil in the same period. The aging rate was 6.1% in 2010 in the municipality, 11.9% in the state and 10.8% in the country in the same year. About proportional mortality from basic causes, diseases of the circulatory system were the first basic cause of death, with 26.5% of deaths in 2006 and 25% in 2014. Second, neoplasms with 18.1% in 2006 and 19, 6% in 2014. The third cause of death was external causes, in 2006 10.4% and in 2014 representing 11.9% of all deaths in the municipality. The population dynamics in the studied period shows that the demographic transition is taking place in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais and Brazil, in relation to mortality, there is a triple burden of diseases in Montes Claros, which differs from Minas Gerais and Brazil, where PIDs do not occupy a prominent place among the main causes of death.