Estresse no trabalho e fatores associados em profissionais de saúde dos serviços de alta complexidade hospitalar do Norte de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The prevalence of stress at work in health workers has been shown to be higher among other workers. This thesis aimed to analyze mental disorders in health professionals who work in highly complex services. Epidemiological, cross-sectional, analytical study, carried out in the northern macro-region of Minas Gerais/Brazil, with health professionals working in highly complex services. Data were collected through a questionnaire with socioeconomic and occupational variables and health conditions. In the evaluation of the sociodemographic profile and occupational characteristics, questionnaires were created with variables that measure these conditions. For Occupational Stress, the Stress at Work Scale was used. For lifestyle assessment, the Fantastic Lifestyle instrument was used and for quality of life, the Whoqol-bref. To analyze the repercussions of stress on mental health, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale were used, in addition to the Hardiness Personality Scale. Product 1 aimed to identify the prevalence of stress at work among health professionals and associated factors. The prevalence was low stress, 37.3% and medium/high stress, 62.7% among health workers in the hospital network, and the adjusted model showed an association with below average quality of life, length of time working in the health area between 10 and 20 years and the oncology sector. Product 2 analyzed the repercussions of stress at work on the mental health of health professionals. Stress at work (ET) had a total and negative effect (-0.27) on quality of life (QoL), with a direct effect of -0.11 and an indirect effect of -0.16, mediated by traumatic stress (ETS) and Burnout Syndrome (SB). ET also had a total and positive effect on anxiety symptoms (AS) (+0.32), with a direct effect of +0.20 and an indirect effect of +0.12, mediated by SB. A total effect of 0.29 of ET on ETS was estimated, with a direct effect of 0.17 and an indirect effect of 0.12, mediated by SB. ET also had a direct and positive effect on SB (+0.35). It is concluded that this study provides theoretical support for institutional programs for the prevention and control of occupational stress in the hospital network. More research on work stress with all professional categories is recommended, which favors a more comprehensive view of the real complexity of this topic.