Atividade moluscicida de extratos de plantas do cerrado em Biomphalaria glabrata (SAY, 1818)

Abstract

Plant-derived molluscicides have been indicated as selective and low-cost strategies for the control of Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818), intermediate host of schistosomes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of leaves of plants present in the Cerrado such as Caryocar brasiliense Camb., Ximenia americana L., Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth and Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. as an alternative in the control of the mollusc B. glabrata. For this, the leaves were collected at the UFMG Campus in Montes Claros-MG. To verify the molluscicidal activity of the extracts, concentrations of 150, 100, 75, 50 and 25 μg/mL of the extracts, a positive control containing Niclosamide at 3 μg/mL and a negative control containing dechlorinated water were used. To evaluate toxicity to non-target organisms, Artemia salina was used at concentrations of 10, 100 and 1000 μg/mL It was observed that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts tested showed significant mortality before 24 h of exposure. The aqueous extracts of P. viridiflora, C. brasiliense and S. brasiliensis at concentrations above 75 μg/mL reached mortality higher than 90%. For ethanol extract, all plants tested at concentrations above 50 μg/mL observed mortality above 80%. No toxicity was observed against A.salina. Thus, high molluscicidal activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of plants tested on adults B.glabrata was observed and no toxicity was observed against A.salina.