Avaliação do efeito homeopático de Syzygium jambolanum no tecido adiposo em camundongos no controle de diabetes mellitus tipo-2 induzido por dieta

Abstract

Obesity is a serious public health problem worldwide, being characterized by excess body fat. It is one of the key components of the development of the metabolic syndrome, which leads to several complications that directly impact on life expectancy and quality of life. Surgical complications and side effects of medications contribute to the search for new therapies. Among the alternatives is homeopathy, an ancient practice in Brazil, which uses dilutions of substances from minerals, plants and animals. Homeopathic preparation of Syzygium jambolanum are used in glycemic control, but their role is not well investigated. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of oral administration of homeopathic preparation of Syzygium jambolanum compared to the use of metformin in the expression of adipogenesis genes and the glycemic profile in mice fed a high-fat and low- carbohydrate diet, evaluating its metabolic profile. There were a total of 48 Swiss mice, treated males, kept in standard condition in the vivarium of the State University of Montes Claros, Brazil, according to ethical principles, resolution 176/2018. Obesity was induced by a diet high in fat and sugar, while the control mice received a standard diet for 8 weeks, after which the animals received a preparation of 20 µl / 100g / weight of the animal for 30 days. S. jambolanum or a dose of 250 mg / kg. Metformin The liver, muscle and adipose tissues were collected and frozen on dry ice. Body composition parameters were evaluated, as well as biochemical parameters. The quantification of mRNA expression in samples of epididymal adipose tissue was performed using the polymerase chain reaction technique in real time (RT-PCR). For analysis of the insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance test data, two-way analysis of variance (Two-way ANOVA) was used. The data were expressed as the mean ± SD (standard deviation). The level of significance was previously established at p <0.05. Results: Mice treated with S. jambolanum showed reduced weight gain and less adipose tissue than rats treated with metformin, and both groups improved insulin sensitivity. These findings may be due to modulation of the adipogenesis pathway (CEPB and PPAR) and to the thermogenesis of UCP1, improving insulin sensitivity, which can directly influence adipose tissue, as corroborated by other studies. Conclusion: Homeopathic administration of the Syzygium jambolanum preparation leads to lower body weight, blood glucose, total cholesterol and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL), validating its safe use in clinical practices.