Ascensão do Hamas na Palestina: pobreza e assistência social 1987 - 2006

Abstract

The Arab Israeli conflict is one of the longest political conflicts between nations today. The root of the dispute involving the Palestinian is old and both Jews and Palestinian Arabs claim to be the rightful owners of the "holy land". Despite its long-term, the creation of Israel in 1948 and occupation of Palestinian lands, the endless struggle for territory between the parties, plunged a considerable portion of the population in deep poverty. The growing dissatisfaction with the peace agreements do not meet the demands of the occupied territory, the corruption of secular Palestinian leadership has made possible the emergence of Islamic movements willing to try to change the history of occupation, oppression and poverty in the region. Thus arose the Islamic movement Hamas, which shocked the world with an unexpected victory in the elections of the Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) in January 2006. After taking office as elected government Hamas formed a government with strong popular support and implemented a national plan to combat poverty for the first time since its founding in 1987. The movement had been building a solid foundation because of its educational, social charities, as well as religious propaganda, managed to become popular within and outside Palestine. The present study is aimed at understanding the process of emergence and rise of Hamas, from its condition of motion of social assistance to the Palestinian people until its consolidation as a political party responsible for a government in a highly conflictual situation. We emphasize the analysis of their condition in social service organization seeking to minimize the poverty that settled in the region compounded by conflict Israel x Palestine.