A justiça distributiva e o combate à pobreza no Brasil

Abstract

This paper approaches the idea of distributive justice in the Brazilian context of combating poverty. In this sense, it shows the emergence of the idea of justice, from the Sophists to Aristotle. In relation to distributive justice, it reviews the contribution of authors in changing the understanding of distributive justice, from Aristotle to John Rawls. Then, it demonstrates the evolution of the concept of poverty, outlines the situation of Brazil about the phenomenon and highlights the inequality of income, which indicates that in the country there is a serious inequity in the distribution of social resources. Based on this, it highlights the strategy of transfer income as public policy to combat poverty in the country, with emphasis on the "Bolsa Família" program and the resistance of part of the population about the program. After that, it devotes attention to the program "Brasil sem Miséria" and explains the widening of the state's actions in combating poverty, in addition to the income aspect. Finally, it performs an approximation between the fight against poverty in Brazil and the modern idea of distributive justice, especially in view of John Rawls, as well as relates the view of Amartya Sen's capabilities to the position of Brazil facing the phenomenon. Therefore, a review of the literature was performed in order to check whether the idea of distributive justice serves as the basis for Brazil's approach to combat poverty. As a result, it was found that the modern understanding of distributive justice figure as an important theoretical contribution to the anti poverty policy undertaken in the country, being the state, based on distributive justice, legitimated not only to promote actions in this regard, but also intensify them.