Níveis de inclusão da casca de banana na alimentação de vacas F1 Holandês x Zebu em lactação

Abstract

Aimed to evaluate the effect of inclusion levels of dry banana peel in the sun in the diet of F1 Holstein x Zebu lactating cows, on intake, digestibility, milk production and feeding behavior. Diets contained 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% replacement of sorghum silage by banana peel. The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm UNIMONTES - Frangipani, being used 10 cows F1 Holstein x Zebu, with 70 ± 11 days in milk at the beginning of the experiment. The experimental design were two Latin squares 5 x 5, and the trial period divided into five periods of 16 days, 12 days of adaptation and four days of collection. They evaluated the production of milk, intake, digestibility and economic feasibility. Fecal production was estimated by ADFi by incubating food, leftovers and feces in the rumen of a fistulated animal. The cows were submitted to visual observation for evaluation of feeding behavior for two consecutive days. The dry matter intake when expressed in kg day-1, showed a quadratic effect (P <0.05) with maximum value at the level of 38.30% substitution. Quadratic effect was observed in the consumption of crude protein (P <0.05) expressed as kg day-1 and percentage of weight and linear for fiber intake neutral detergent. The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, crude protein and ether extract linearly reduced with the inclusion of the shell in the diet. So contrary, the digestibility of non-fibrous carbohydrates showed increasing linear effect, with 0.2177% increase for each percentage unit of bark included in the diet. The weights, scores, and changes in weight and score were not affected (P> 0.05), as well as milk production, milk production adjusted to 3.5% fat, feed conversion efficiency of utilization of dietary nitrogen plasma levels of glucose, urea nitrogen and total cholesterol, as feed efficiency showed a quadratic effect (P <0.05), with a minimum point at the 37.95% level of inclusion of banana peel. The banana peel levels did not affect (P> 0.05) consumption, rumination and chewing NDF expressed in minutes per kilogram. In terms of usage , rumination and chewing of dry matter expressed in minutes per kilogram , this showed decreasing linear effect ( P < 0.05 ), and for every percentage unit of banana peel decreased by 0.0794 , 0 , 0822 minutes per kilogram and 0.1616 , respectively. The replacement of 60 % of sorghum silage by banana peel in the diet of F1 Holstein x Zebu lactating cows , with a forage: concentrate ratio of 70:30 , it reduces the time spent on food, improves the power efficiency of the matter drought and neutral detergent fiber and does not alter production cows with average production of 16.49 kg of milk with 3.5% fat day-1 , reduces the cost of food and minimizing the environmental impacts caused by the disposal of this waste in nature.