Interferência de plantas daninhas no desenvolvimento e produção da bananeira 'Prata-Anã'

Abstract

Weeds are among the main problems of cultivation of banana, since they vie for factors such as light, water and nutrients. This study aimed to determine the period of weed interference on growth and yield of 'Prata-Ana' banana. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with ten treatments and three replications. Each plot consisted of three rows of five plants, for a total of fifteen of which three central plants were considered as useful. The treatments consisted of ten periods of weed control after planting: without control (T1), control throughout the all experimental period (T2), control only in the first month after planting (T3), control until the second (T4), the third (T5), the fourth (T6), the fifth (T7), the sixth (T8), the eighth (T9) and tenth month after planting (T10). The weeds were removed by means of hoe. Vegetative and reproductive traits were evaluated in the first and second production cycles. The phytosociological survey was conducted to determine the frequency, density, abundance and importance value index of weeds in the area. The data relating to vegetative development were subjected to analysis of variance and regression and adjusted for non-linear regression models. Data from reproductive traits (cycles 1 and 2) were subjected to analysis of variance and means grouped by the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. The families with the largest number of species identified in phytosociological survey were: Fabaceae and Malvaceae. The species: Sida cordifolia, Dactyloctenium aeration and Mollugo verticillata showed the highest IVI. Weeds cause negative influence on the vegetative development of the banana when they are not controlled. The period of weeds interference occurs until the first month after planting of 'Prata-Ana banana. In the second cycle, the treatments did not affect the most of the traits studied; there was no reduction in the banana yield, not requiring weed control.