A organização do espaço rural a partir da agricultura familiar

Abstract

The Brazilian rural space has undergone transformations throughout history, and with that its organization and the concept of rural space are being redefined due to new functions and also new types of occupations, the rural is perceived as a space of many attributions , with the production that happens in it and the attraction that it exerts to people, with that the valorization of the field, has been perceived even if still in a timid way, because the view that the rural space, is a backward space, has been a discussion which is increasingly becoming a thing of the past, giving birth to a new look at the countryside. One of the fundamental social groups for structuring the rural space is family farming, which has a bearing on the Brazilian families who live in this space, as it performs functions that develop the rural and fix the rural man in the countryside. Law 11,326 of July 24, 2006 points out the guidelines for the formulation of the National Family Agriculture Policy and the criteria for characterizing this public, according to which it is that the farmer does not have, in any capacity, an area greater than four fiscal modules; predominantly use the family's own labor in the economic activities of your establishment or enterprise and have family income predominantly from economic activities related to the establishment or enterprise itself; coordinate your establishment or enterprise with your family. Thus, this study seeks to analyze the organization of rural space based on family farming. To carry out the research, the methodological procedures were based on bibliographic studies for the theoretical foundation, fieldwork in the rural communities of the Municipality of Januária-MG, Barra do Tejuco and Riachinho, in addition to photographic records, participation in association meetings and the realization semi-structured interviews with the aid of an audio recorder. Family farming is important in rural areas in the North of Minas Gerais, in some circumstances with greater proportions than the state of Minas Gerais. It stands out for what it produces, but experiences problems because of the small amount of land available for its production, investments by governmental parties, production runoff and mainly climatic problems aggravated by the semi-arid climate, the lack of rain is the biggest of them. In Januária-MG the main productions of families that live on family farming are: fruits, vegetables, legumes, vegetables, free range chicken, bee honey, swine, beef cattle and milk. As their production has been decreasing over the years, the families of the communities studied are experiencing a process of adaptation to the new rural space, looking for alternatives to settle in the countryside, mixing other activities to add income, seeking pluriactivity and public policies that can strengthen the communities. small productions.