Intensificação do trabalho e adoecimento docente no Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Having as genesis the flexible accumulation regime, under the aegis of neoliberalism, which launches new forms of control over the workforce nowadays, we present the intensification of work and teacher’s illness process as the theme of the present study, whose objective was to analyze the relationship the intensification of teaching work with the processes of illness and impairment of the quality of life of IFNMG teachers in the year 2020. The choice of the theme originated from the observance of versatility as a characteristic of the career of the teacher of Basic, Technical and Technological Education (BTTE), due to the vertical organi zation of teaching, typical of Federal Institutes (FIs), this versatility being pointed out by some authors as a factor of intensification of teaching work. Regarding the methodological procedures, our research had a qualitative approach. Initially, we carried out a bibliographic study about the implications of the productive restructuring in the world of work and in the worker's life. Subsequently, we presented public policies for professional and technological education, from the 1990s until the creation of Federal Institutes in 2008 and, supported by a documentary study, we raised a discussion about the characteristics and peculiarities of the BTTE teacher's career. To broaden the analysis, we conducted an empirical research, using the semi-structured electronic questionnaire, submitted to the technique of content analysis, with 223 effective professors of the IFNMG. The analysis of the data revealed that the intensi fication of the teaching work at the IFNMG is present and that it materializes due to three factors: the organization of the work of BTTEs teachers, the vertical organization of teaching, typical of the IFs and management by results. The first source of intensification of teaching work is mainly due to the number of activities that are attributed to the teaching professional, which are divided between teaching, research, extension, management and institutional repre sentation activities, which make teachers work beyond the working day. The verticalization of education, on the other hand, is pointed out as a factor of intensification of work, as it requires that the BTTE teachers act at different levels and modalities of teaching, as well as working with different audiences and with different technological axes. Due to this work overload, it was possible to identify a picture of illness among the teachers surveyed, with anxiety, tired ness, stress, irritability and pain in general as the main afflictions. However, the participating teachers pointed out that, even in the midst of so much work and illness processes related to work, their profession is gratifying and pleasurable, and recognized that they work in an ex cellent institution and have their work recognized by students and by society.