O texto teatral no ensino fundamental: uma proposta de letramento literário

Abstract

This research proposes literary literacy based on theatrical texts, since it understands literary literacy and reading as fundamental skills that can provide significant experiences for readers in training. In this way, the aim was to promote and expand literacy in 9th grade classes, while also expanding students' knowledge of the dramatic genre, which is so little used in Portuguese language classes and textbooks. To do this, it relied on the contribution of several authors who address the importance of literary literacy and literature in the classroom, including Rildo Cosson (2009, 2018 and 2020), Magda Soares (2009), Angela Kleiman (1995), Marisa Lajolo (1993), Anne Rouxel (2013) and Teresa Colomer (1998). In order to create a debate with these authors, Fábio Durão and André Cechinel (2022) contributed, who bring a vision of reading literature as an experience that is averse to utilitarianism, which, for them, makes readers think and develop their criticality. Jonathan Culler (1999), Antoine Compagnon (2003 and 2009) and Terry Eagleton (2006) presented definitions of what literature is and how it came to be. In addition, the research is based on the proposals of the National Curriculum Parameters (PCN), the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC) and the Portuguese Language Course Plan of the Minas Gerais Reference Curriculum (2022). On the subject of theater, authors such as Augusto Boal (1991), Bertolt Brecht (1978) and Rosângela Patriota (2020) collaborated on some phases of theater throughout the ages and its importance for society; in turn, Olga Garcia Reverbel (1997), Fabiano Tadeu Grazioli (2019) and Peter Slade (1979) showed how the theatrical text can be important work material in the classroom. In the second part of the research, an activity booklet was proposed to be developed by teachers and students in the classroom, with the aim of getting students more involved in literary reading, expanding their reading repertoires, gaining knowledge of the dramatic genre and their critical and social development. In the notebook, excerpts were used from the plays: The Taming of the Shrew, by William Shakespeare; Mother Courage and Her Children, by Bertolt Brecht; The Farce of Good Sloth, by Ariano Suassuna; and The Girl and the Wind, by Maria Clara Machado, which are big names in the dramatic genre. The plays were chosen to introduce students to different authors and some phases of world theater that include social criticism or teachings, which can lead readers to reflect on reality, as well as bringing them closer to the world of theater and sharpening their taste for reading.