Cluster de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em agentes comunitários de saúde

Abstract

The repercussions of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCDs) can cause functional disabilities, loss of quality of life and result in premature mortality, in addition to increasing economic costs for society and health systems. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of Clusters of behavioral risk factors for CNCD in Community Health Agents (CHA). This is an epidemiological, census, cross-sectional and analytical study arising from a part of the research entitled "Work and health conditions of Community Health Agents in northern Minas Gerais: a longitudinal study", carried out with CHA working in the 135 units of the Strategy Family Health in the municipality of Montes Claros-MG, between August and October 2018. The outcome variable of the article was the simultaneity of three or more risk factors for CNCDs, which involved the variables habitual consumption of fat and chicken with skin, low fruit consumption, smoking, alcohol abuse, irregular consumption of soft drinks and physical inactivity, in addition to sociodemographic, work, clinical and anthropometric factors. Descriptive analyzes were carried out and, subsequently, bivariate analyzes were carried out between the outcome variable and the other investigated variables, using Pearson's chi-square test. The variables that presented 20% in the association of the bivariate analyzes were selected for the Multiple Poisson Regression analysis with robust variance. A total of 675 CHAs participated in the study. Of these, 57.6% (n=389) had at least three simultaneous risk factors for CNCDs, the most prevalent being low fruit consumption, physical inactivity and abusive consumption of soft drinks. The variables that were associated with the Cluster of behavioral factors were age ≥ 37 years (PR=0.87; 95%CI=0.81-0.94; p=0.001), poor health status perception (PR=1 .08; 95%CI=1.00-1.16; p=0.037) and presence of hypertension (PR=1.17; 95%CI=1.06-1.30; p=0.001). It is concluded that the prevalence of three or more risk factors for CNCD in CHAs was high, and that sociodemographic and clinical factors are associated with the investigated outcome. Considering the recorded results, health services should provide differentiated care policies for CHAs, seeking to prevent behavioral factors that can increase morbidity and mortality due to CNCDs. From the study, six main products were produced, being a scientific article, four health education events and the creation of a profile on the social network Instagram. Two events entitled “1st and 2nd Week of the Community Health Agent: caring for those who care” were held through online lectures, the 1st week was held on the Youtube platform and accounted for 6,238 accesses, with a daily average of 1,248 views, the 2nd week had 962 subscribers on the Even3 platform. Another action was the commemoration of the “CHA Day” held in the city of Montes Claros, which promoted an afternoon of leisure with topics on health. For health education, an Instagram profile called “@portaldoacs” was created. Thus, it is important to emphasize the need for health interventions aimed at raising awareness and helping these professionals to adopt a healthy lifestyle, with a view to reducing the possible damage caused by NCDs in the health/disease process.