Elaboração e validação de histórico de enfermagem à pessoa com pé diabético na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

Diabetic foot is recognized worldwide as a public health problem. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, managing diabetic foot is still a challenge. As a member of the multidisciplinary team that makes up Primary Health Care, nurses are directly related to the care of people with diabetic foot and instruments should be implemented to support nursing consultations. The objective of this study is to develop and validate a data collection instrument for the nursing consultation of people with diabetic foot in Primary Health Care, based on the theoretical model of Basic Human Needs by Wanda de Aguiar Horta. This is a methodological study of content validation. To identify sociodemographic, clinical, and psychobiological, psychosocial, and psychospiritual indicators, a scoping review of the literature was carried out between October and December 2022, following the steps recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the Checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The elaboration of the instrument relied on the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS) and indicators of previous history, as well as psychobiological, psychosocial and psychospiritual needs, based on the framework of Wanda Horta's Basic Human Needs. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used and the Content Validity Index (CVI) was equal to or greater than 0.80. Content validation was performed by 15 experts, most of whom were female (80%), with a master's degree (60%) and 100% had at least one year of clinical or academic experience in the area of interest. Three items of the instrument were evaluated, with a CVI of 0.93 in the item objectives, 0.97 in the structure and presentation, and 1.00 in the topic relevance. The validation of the instrument showed satisfactory CVI, and its content was validated for use in the collection of data from people with diabetic foot in the context of Primary Health Care. Five technical products were developed: three health education courses aimed at diabetic patients with the themes "Healthy Eating", "Theater: Is It Diabetes?" and "Festa Junina for Diabetics"; Participation in training: Approach and Treatment of Diabetic Foot and, finally, an instrument for Nursing Data Collection for People with Diabetic Foot in the context of Primary Health Care Based on the Theory of Basic Human Needs.