Piora da fragilidade em idosos hipertensos comunitários e fatores associados: um estudo longitudinal

Abstract

Introduction: Frailty is a broad process and potentially involves physical and psychosocial aspects. It is an importance that must be cared for and needs to be cared for. Objective: Evaluate longitudinally their behavior; the factors associated with the transition to higher levels of people in elderly communities with arterial hypertension. Method: this is a prospective, longitudinal and analytical study. Performed in elderly people diagnosed with systemic arterial hypertension who live in the community, in the region of the municipality of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. The following was probabilistic, by clusters in two stages. Data collection occurred in the elderly's homes in two, the first between May and July 2013, baseline; and the second, considered the first wave of the study, took place between November 2016 and February 2017, an average follow-up period of 42 months. There were demographic, socioeconomic and clinical-assistance variables. Assessment was measured using the Edmonton Frailty Scale. To be used to analyze the possibility of Na Poisson with variance as raw prevalence ratios and to be obtained. This research was promoted by the Ethics Committee approved in Research of the State University of Montes Claros. Results: A total of 281 elderly people participated in the study, 23.1% showed a worsening of their frailty state in the first wave in relation to the stage evaluated in the base year. The prevalence of frailty was 38.0% in the base year and 31.2% in the first wave. Worsening frailty was associated with negative self-perception of health, polypharmacy and hospitalization in the last 12 months. Conclusions: An important contingent of elderly people showed worsening of frailty. Actions aimed at improving the self-perception of health indicator, in addition to care with excessive use of medication and specific care for the elderly who need hospitalization can help to ease the transition to worse levels of frailty. Final considerations: Knowledge of the factors associated with the worsening of frailty in hypertensive elderly people allows health interventions to be developed in the elderly population. During the development of this work, there was the opportunity to have feedback for the elderly population, through actions in health and produced media (pitch).