Práticas profissionais em saúde do trabalhador na Atenção Primária

Abstract

Primary Health Care services, considered health care coordinators and computers of the Health Care Network, are the preferred gateway for the user, playing an essential role in the production of care in Occupational Health. Thus, the research had the objective of analyzing the actions of Occupational Health developed by Primary Health Care professionals. A cross-sectional, analytical study with dental surgeons, nurses and physicians of the units of Primary Health Care of the municipality investigated, developed between October 2017 and March 2018. For the data collection, a questionnaire containing 35 questions was used, divided into four blocks, in order to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics; the healthcare actions of the workers developed by the health team; the health care practices of the users working in Primary Health care and the technicalpedagogical and institutional support. Descriptive analyzes were performed based on the distribution of the absolute and relative frequencies of the variables investigated. After that, a bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test at a significance level of p <0.05. A total of 289 (88.6%) professionals participated in the study, considering the loss of 37 non-responders. The identification of the Worker Health actions developed by the Primary Health Care team showed that most of the professionals carried out a mapping of productive activities (59.2%), a diagnosis of the health status of the workers (52.9%) and analyzed these (58.5%), however, a small portion discussed with the population about these risks (30.8%) and took some action to eliminate or reduce it (21.8%). The comparison of the health care practices developed by health professionals showed that the medical category showed greater proportions in relation to occupation identification (p = 0.001), risks (p = 0.004) and injuries (p = 0.000); while the nurse, for the surveillance of injuries in Worker's Health (p = 0.000). The comparison of the professional categories, considering the technical-specialized and institutional support, indicated that the nurse presented higher proportions for all variables analyzed (p = 0.000). It is necessary to incorporate actions of Occupational Health in the planning of Primary Health Care teams in order to guarantee the integrality of care. Therefore, it is essential to qualify the permanent education and work processes in an articulated way with the specialized instances in Workers' Health.