Fatores associados à não adesão ao tratamento farmacológico por pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids em um centro de referência em Belo Horizonte (MG)

Abstract

From the introduction of antiretroviral therapy, the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is no longer considered an acute disease with high mortality, but has become a chronic manageable disease. However, the achievement of therapeutic success remains being a challenge due to high levels of non-adherence to treatment. The aim of this study was to measure the rate of non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to identify variables associated in assisted patients in a reference health center in Belo Horizonte (MG). The study participants were randomly selected among all patients registered at the clinic. It was used a standardized questionnaire for collecting information about the patient, addressing socioeconomic and demographic variables, variables related to the treatment and to the health care team. The Morisk Scale (Morisky Medication Adhrence Scale (MMAS) was used to assess the rate of noncompliance. Associated variables were identified by logistic regression analysis. The study included 308 people and the rate of non-adherence to ART was 48.7%. The variables that were statistically associated with noncompliance were: lack of schooling (p=0,001; OR=3,11; IC95%=1,59-6,07), family income less than two minimum wages (p=0,011; OR=1,88; IC95%=1,16-3,06), prescription illegibility (p=0,016; OR=1,87; IC95%=1,13-3,12) and reported intense side effects (p=0,042; OR=2,04; IC95%=1,03-4,04). It was concluded that the rate of noncompliance is high in the group studied. Among the variables related to non-adherence it is possible to highlight the social variables. We reiterate how complex is the non-adherence to the antiretroviral therapy, which remains as a challenge to managers and health professionals.