Uma análise das relações de poder: termos e expressões do Gazeta do norte - Montes Claros/MG (1918 – 1919)

Abstract

This research, fomented by FAPEMIG and linked to the PPHP of UNIMONTES, has as its object the study of the terms and expressions used by Jornal Gazeta do Norte, a periodical of the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, founded in the year 1918. In the editions corresponding to the second Half of the year 1918 and first of 1919 we find reports, columns and advertisements that present a differentiated language to refer to the elite mountain of Clarense of the time and the less favored. Thus, understanding that this language can be covered as a characteristic of the social, the present study aims to analyze these terms and expressions in order to verify in them the relations of power engendered by the newspaper in the construction of the image of a people dependent on their benefactors. The theoretical contribution of this study is based on authors such as Bordieu (1996); Barbosa (2004), Cruz (2000), Rodrigues (2013), and others. Our source of research is the Gazeta do Norte, considering that the print shows aspects of the past of the mountain towns of Clarens. As a methodological course, we proceed to separate the articles, columns and text of the newspaper, prioritizing the terms and expressions referring to the elite and allusive to the less favored ones, verifying the recurrence and relevance with which appear in the selected columns the situations of use. As a research method, we adopted the Content Analysis, proposed by Bardin (2009), in a quantitative approach to the categorization of the units of analysis, considering the criteria of newsworthiness of columns and materials. From the analysis undertaken we verified the recurrence in the use of dysphasisms for the less favored class, which evidences, among other aspects, the dependence of this part of the population, as well as the network of communications established by the press in divulging the benevolences of the political groups that They disputed power in the city. The semantic repertoire of terms referring to the elite corroborates, in the political context of the time, its ascendancy over the less privileged. Thus, the Northern Gazette constructed the legitimacy of the Monte-Clarense elite that it represented, ensuring the maintenance of its power space, through terms and expressions, which can be understood as qualifiers of each and every layer of the population.