Condições de saúde e de trabalho dos professores da educação básica da rede estadual de ensino do estado de Minas Gerais

Abstract

The teaching profession is one of the most vulnerable to illness. Teachers' health conditions at work are characterized by various aspects, including sleep quality and job satisfaction. In 2021, during the return to face-to-face activities, the project “Health and Work Conditions of Basic Education Teachers in the State of Minas Gerais: Cohort Study” (ProfSMinas) was developed, a longitudinal epidemiological survey of the websurvey type, which obtained the participation of 1,907 state school teachers at baseline. Two years later, there was a follow-up with a new survey, and 767 teachers remained in the second collection. From the data collected in these two waves of ProfSMinas, four scientific products were produced. The first article analyzed teachers' sleep quality and aimed to estimate the prevalence of poor and very poor sleep quality, as well as associated factors. The prevalence was 39.1%, and the main factors associated with this condition were: age, gender, being the main breadwinner, working hours, type of employment relationship, low control over work, low social support, high psychological demand, job dissatisfaction, inadequate diet, smartphone dependence, fear of COVID-19, poor or very poor self-rated health, anxiety, common mental disorder and back pain. In the second article, the aim was to assess the interrelationships between factors associated with sleep quality in public school teachers in the state of Minas Gerais, considering job satisfaction as a possible mediator. It was observed that job satisfaction potentiates common mental disorders and the perception of remuneration. In the third article, the aim was to longitudinally evaluate the changes observed in the health patterns of teachers, and a worsening in the prevalence of CNCDs, mental health issues and diet was noted. However, there was no difference in the prevalence of poor and very poor sleep quality, and with regard to physical activity, there was greater adherence on the part of teachers. In the fourth article, smartphone addiction and associated factors were assessed, with a prevalence of 18.5%, including: age, working night shifts, high psychological demand, inadequate diet, anxiety, depression and common mental disorders. Overall, it can be seen that relevant aspects of health and working conditions deserve additional attention, as they are empirical evidence that impact on teachers' quality of life and work and, ultimately, on the quality of education in the state of Minas Gerais