Fatores associados ao trabalho de homens quilombolas rurais do norte de Minas Gerais: um estudo populacional

Abstract

The present study seeks to analyze the factors associated with work in men belonging to quilombola communities located in territories of the Northern Health Macroregion, in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was a cross-sectional population-based study, carried out in 2019. For data collection was used the questionnaire “Healt and Work Situation of Quilombolas in Northern Minas Gerais”. For data regarding the classification of work-related stress was used the Job Stress Scale (JSS), and for data related to Common Mental Disorders was used the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). They were performed descriptive analyses, bivariate analyses and multiple analyses using binary or multinomial logistic regression to estimate the magnitude of the associations using the odds ratio. Regarding work-related stress was identified a positive association between high-stress work for individuals under 40 years of age, rural employees or farmers and those with a low social support network. It was also observed a significant association in individuals with a positive result for Common Mental Disorders and active work. Regarding the factors associated with the transition between generations of quilombola men, it was identified an increase in the odds ratio (OR) of Generation Y compared to Generation X for seeking public or military service as the main occupation, absence of social security contributions, dissatisfaction with work, collective work with 2 to 5 people and 6 people or more, not considering work the most important period of the day and not being part of no union association. The active and high-stress work associated with young rural workers, from rural areas, with low social support and manifestations of common mental disorders, justifies a change in the profile of the relationship with work by Generation Y. They resort to the search for urban, public or military and collective work, without demonstrating social or social security ties. They also have a relationship with labor activity that does not make it as a priority and demonstrates dissatisfaction with it. These are in view of the results, the need for social, training and health public policies that address this change in profile becomes clear, as well as government actions to provide contextualized attention to the singularities of the living conditions of this population group. It is necessary to prepare young quilombolas for changes in work relations, which must be accompanied by a change in perspective of these same relations on the part of society in general