Dinâmicas Familiares e Vulnerabilidade Social: Uma Análise sob a Ótica do Interacionismo Simbólico e da Bioética de Intervenção

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate how social vulnerability is perceived, experienced and constructed by different age groups within families, aiming to understand the social dynamics that shape this condition. A qualitative study was conducted, with semi-structured interviews with individuals of different age groups, belonging to families in vulnerable situations. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis technique from the perspective of symbolic interactionism anchored in intervention bioethics, with the aim of identifying the meanings attributed to vulnerability by the participants. The results indicated that the perception of social vulnerability varies according to age group. Children and the elderly face specific challenges, such as lack of access to basic resources and social isolation. The symbolic interactionist approach showed that social interactions play a crucial role in shaping perceptions of vulnerability. Intervention bioethics, on the other hand, points beyond the guarantee of rights to a broader transformation of society, demanding the need to characterize vulnerability from a decolonial perspective, where race, income, gender, sexuality and other aspects begin to characterize what was previously hidden as a "vulnerable subject". The study revealed that social vulnerability is a multifaceted phenomenon, which demands interventions that are sensitive to the age and social particularities of each group. Symbolic interactionism and intervention bioethics offer a robust basis for understanding and addressing social inequalities in a more equitable and ethical manner. Finally, the results indicate that public policies need to be more inclusive, respecting the specific needs of the most vulnerable groups