Segregação Socioespacial e a paisagem urbana: um estudo da cidade de Montes Claros - MG

Abstract

The city is here understood as a result of social relations, reflecting in its spaces the characteristics of the society which produces it. In this way, the contradictions and singularities of a capitalist society are observed in urban spaces. The increase in the number of residents in the city, caused by the rural-urban migration, causes not only the expansion of the urban fabric, but also the increase in the demand for housing and other services, these being mediated by the purchasing power of the citizens in the capitalist city. In this scenario, housing becomes a symbol of the income of individuals, forming residential spaces segregated socially and spatially, so segregation is a dialectic phenomenon, in which the segregation of the rich originates the segregation of the poor. Socio-spatial segregation is perceived in the urban landscape through the different forms of living, such as the closed residential spaces and the architectural pattern of the houses. From this context, the dissertation presents a discussion about the socio-spatial segregation reflected in the urban landscape, based on the criteria of income, urban infrastructure and the forms and conditions of dwellings observable in the Montes Claros landscape. The understanding of the socio-spatial segregation and the urban landscape was analyzed by the process of urban expansion and the formation of dual peripheral contents, whose soil value influenced by the performance of the real estate market and the state, defining which individuals will reside in each portion of the city. The Closed Residential Spaces stand out in the urban landscape as the materialization of the games of interests between capital and State, and represent the new form of socio spatial segregation present in the cities. The methodological perspective adopted refers to bibliographic research, based on authors who discuss the theme in different contexts and cities; The data collection, referring to income, urban infrastructure, soil values and average size of lots and buildings, which were later specialized, allowing to identify the areas of concentration of income, with better infrastructure and higher values of urban soil in Montes Claros. Field visits enabled the iconographic registration and pre structured interviews with building managers and/or administrators of Closed Residential Spaces, and it was possible to relate the income of individuals with the form and condition of housing. In face of urban landscape of Montes Claros, we consider that the residential areas are segregated, in which rich and poor, despite residing differently and unequally, live together side by side