Políticas de financiamento da educação brasileira: Fundef, Fundeb e seus impactos na educação básica

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the constitutional framework of the formulation of public education financing policies of Brazil from the sociopolitical context set in 1930 which acquired amplitude with the country's democratization process triggered by the Constitution of 1988. In this sense, this study seeks to understand the reconfiguration of the educational policies in Brazil in the course of the 1990s and the first decades of the current century, before the adoption of the Law of Guidelines and Bases number 9394 which, therefore, resulted in changes in financing conditions and increased investments for basic education. Given the above context, the study interprets the redefinition of responsibilities and the redistribution of resources that led to significant changes to the states, the Federal District, municipalities, but also for the country. The study also deals with the mechanisms that structure the construction of Basic Education Development Index (IDEB) and its use as a measurer of quality of public elementary school. Thus correlate the impacts of educational policy since the implementation of Fundeb and Fundef in Brazil, Minas Gerais and in the city of Montes Claros by the evolution of the results presented by IDEB. To do so, the numerical data IDEB database provided by the National Institute of Educational Studies Teixeira (INEP) was collected, organized and interpretated.