Violência interpessoal contra adultos no Brasil

Abstract

The perception of the grievances of violence resulted in its recognition as a Public Health problem, as it has consequences that affect individual and collective health, as well as the services of the health sector. The general objective of this study was to analyze the records of interpersonal violence against adult women and men in Brazil. The study is of the analytical ecological type, conducted with data from the Ministry of Health, from the year 2018 on interpersonal violence against adults aged between 20 and 59 years. The number of records of violence against women and men was investigated, in addition to records of color/race/ethnicity, places of occurrence of violence, types of violence and means of aggression. The information was accounted for by Federative Unit, by macro-regions and for Brazil. The nonparametric Spearman correlation test (rs) was used and the significance level was considered p < 0.05. In 2018, there were more than 187,000 cases of violence against adults in Brazil. Women (80.3%) and white people (45.6%) were the most frequent victims. Physical violence (67.5%) and violence occurring at home (75.5%) stood out. The largest number of cases occurred in the Southeast region (n = 83,685). In the analysis of violence based on sex, within the scope of residence, the correlation of violence against men was rs = 0.991 and against women rs = 0.988, both with p < 0.001. As for the type of violence, among men, the strongest correspondence was for physical violence (rs = 0.990), as well as for women, rs = 0.989 (p < 0.001). The means of aggression 'body force/beating' showed the strongest correlation for violence against women, rs = 0.989 (p < 0.001) and against men, rs = 0.985 (p < 0.001). In addition to scientific production, technical products were developed, addressing the topic of violence: e-book, form for recording information on cases of interpersonal violence, flowchart for reporting interpersonal violence, presentations at scientific events, publication of abstracts and lectures on the violence theme. Based on the scientific analysis carried out, it was concluded that women are the most frequent victims. Physical violence, through physical force/beating and occurring at home, stood out for both men and women. Furthermore, technical products favored continuing education with health professionals, in order to make them aware of the need to notify cases of interpersonal violence. Health education in family environments should be strengthened, with an emphasis on actions to empower women, since they have shown themselves to be more vulnerable to interpersonal violence.