Potencial ornamental de espécies nativas de campo rupestre

Abstract

Most Brazilian gardens are made up of exotic plants and because of that, their use has negative environmental effects. The replacement of exotic plants has become a trend in the current landscape and the recent interest in native plants is linked to the relevant functions that they play in the environment as well as the need to conserve certain species. In the Cerrado rock field there are several species with a high degree of aesthetics, however still uncommon and studied. The objective was to identify and study native species in the rock field with local aesthetic attributes for use in landscaping. Field expeditions were carried out and native species that had ornamental characteristics were collected. After collection, they were identified and classified according to their potential for use. 146 native species were collected and inventoried, and 62 were selected to be analyzed, covering 33 botanical families. Plants have characteristics in flowers, leaves or stems that show their ornamental potential, many of which are endemic and other characteristics are threatened with extinction. According to the growth habit and the aesthetic characteristics, as studied species, they have potential for several uses in floriculture and landscaping such as: flowers and cut foliage and vases, vertical garden, covering of pergolas, formation of borders and massifs or even the isolated use in construction sites. Due to the botanical characteristics and the abundance of micro habitats in which the plants were identified, it was found that a large number of species has potential for several landscaping clinics, such as gardens with low water requirements and sensory gardens for example. Thus, it is concluded that the rupestrian field is an environment with a high diversity of species with ornamental potential, which implies the need for research to domesticate the same criteria in order to encourage commercial production and preservation, which can avoid collection extractivist.