Impacto da suplementação materna com curcumina sobre o metabolismo da prole alimentada com dieta hiperglicídica: um estudo com foco no tecido adiposo

Abstract

Obesity is one of the most prevalent public health problems worldwide, affecting all age groups. It is observed that maternal obesity and diet type in the pregnancy-lactary period may result in direct implications on short-term maternal-fetal outcomes, but also impact the metabolic health of offspring in childhood and adulthood, increasing the risk of diseases, such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Curcumin [1,7-bis(4- hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione)] is the main polyphenol found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and has beneficial properties on the metabolism. The role of curcumin in the gravid-lactary period on offspring still remains unknown, especially when involving adipose tissue. The study was carried out with 24 mice randomized into three groups randomized into: i) control group (DP) originated from mothers fed with a standard diet; ii) group (HGD) originated from mothers fed with a hyperglycemic diet; iii) group (CUR) originated from mothers fed with a hyperglycemic diet and supplemented with curcumin in the pregnancy-lactary period. All offspring groups were fed with a high-glycemic diet for 12 weeks. Body and biochemical parameters were measured, as well as the expression of markers associated with thermogenesis in inguinal brown and white adipose tissue by the qRT-PCR technique. The results showed a smaller percentage change in weight gain in the CUR group, with simultaneous reduction in food consumption in relation to the DHG group. Biochemical parameters indicated lower levels of total cholesterol, blood glucose and insulin for the CUR group, in addition to improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Molecular evaluation indicated increased levels of mRNA expression for UCP1 and PRDM16 in brown and white inguinal adipose tissue, indicating greater thermogenic functional activity of these tissues. It is concluded that curcumin supplementation in the pregnancy lactary period in mothers with diet-induced obesity can induce improvements in the metabolic phenotype of the offspring, even when submitted to an obesogenic environment, possibly through the activation of thermogenesis markers from the brown and inguinal white adipose tissues